R&D tax credits allow eligible UK companies to reduce their corporation tax bill or receive a cash refund. They’re paid either as a reduction in corporation tax, a cash credit (if the company is making a loss), or sometimes a mixture of both.
Only companies subject to UK corporation tax can claim for example, sole traders and LLPs cannot claim because they don’t pay corporation tax.
Yes, even if a company is loss-making it can claim. For example, a loss-making SME may surrender the loss and get a cash tax credit.
If a company has received notified state aid (a grant) for a project, then for that part it cannot claim under the SME R&D scheme it may have to use the “RDEC” (Research & Development Expenditure Credit) scheme instead.
Your project may qualify if you were trying to create something new, improve an existing product or process, or solve a technical problem where the solution wasn’t obvious. If your team had to experiment, test, or try different approaches, it likely counts as R&D.
You can include many costs involved in the R&D work, such as staff wages, subcontractor or freelancer costs, software, consumable materials, and certain cloud computing and data expenses. These costs must directly relate to the R&D activity.